Where We Work
Chad has waged a seesaw battle with Guinea worm disease since the 1990s. Transmission of the ancient disease was believed to have been stopped in 1999, but new cases were discovered and the country was reclassified as endemic in 2012. Â鶹´«Ã½ continues to work with village volunteers and Ministry of Health officials to eliminate the disease.
Current status: Endemic
Indigenous human cases reported in 2023: 9*
Animal infections reported in 2023: 495*
Previous status: Transmission stopped, 1999. Prior to 2012, Chad was in precertification status. Reclassified as endemic in 2012.
Elimination Activities, 1993-2000
When its Guinea worm elimination efforts began in 1993, Chad had 1,231 cases in 106 villages in six of the nine national provinces. The strategy for interrupting transmission focused primarily on educating residents about the origin of the disease and how to prevent it. Â鶹´«Ã½ provided technical and financial assistance.
Through these efforts, in 1999 the country had its last indigenous case and met the criteria for breaking transmission of Guinea worm disease (having reported no indigenous cases for 12 consecutive months). Chad was honored at a special ceremony at Â鶹´«Ã½ in Atlanta in 2000 for having stopped Guinea worm disease transmission.
2000-today
After more than a decade with no indigenous cases reported, 10 cases of Guinea worm disease were found in eight villages during a World Health Organization precertification mission to Chad in July 2010. In 2011, when 10 additional cases were reported from nine different villages, Chad's Ministry of Public Health formally asked Â鶹´«Ã½ to assist with a revived Guinea Worm Eradication Program.
Having reported indigenous cases for the third consecutive year in 2012, Chad officially returned to endemic status.
Around the same time, Guinea worm infections in animals (mainly domestic dogs) started being detected in increasing numbers. The worm’s life cycle in animals is not yet well understood, but intensive research continues. Cash rewards are being paid for reporting infected dogs and for keeping them away from water sources where the worms could reproduce.
Since 2011, program staff members have enhanced surveillance by training more than 2,500 village volunteers in more than 880 villages.
The village volunteers teach techniques to prevent contamination of drinking water, provide free first aid, and immediately report cases to public health authorities. Monetary rewards for information leading to confirmation of Guinea worm cases are publicized through local radio stations, posters, and person-to-person networks.
During 2023, 9* human cases of the disease were reported in Chad, an increase from six reported in 2022. There were 494* animal infections in 2023. Chad reduced dog Guinea worm by 22%, its fourth consecutive year of progress.
*All figures for humans and animals are provisional until officially confirmed, typically in March each year.
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